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ID: The Feminine Mystique

When: 1963

Betty Friedan: Author of The Feminine Mystique, a leading figure in the second-wave feminist movement.

A non-fiction book published in 1963 that critiqued the widespread belief in the 1950s and early 1960s that women could only find fulfillment through domesticity and motherhood.
Friedan interviewed suburban housewives, finding that many felt unfulfilled, trapped, and lacked a sense of identity beyond their roles as wives and mothers.
The book identified “the problem that has no name,” which was the general unhappiness and dissatisfaction experienced by many middle-class American women during this period.
Friedan argued that women were being denied opportunities for education, careers, and personal growth, leading to this widespread discontent.

Sparked Second-Wave Feminism: The Feminine Mystique is widely credited with igniting the second-wave feminist movement in the United States.
Challenged Gender Roles: It directly challenged the prevailing societal norms that limited women’s roles to the domestic sphere and encouraged women to seek fulfillment outside of the home.
Led to Increased Awareness: The book raised public awareness of the issues facing women and created a national dialogue about gender equality.
Inspired Activism: The Feminine Mystique motivated women to organize and advocate for equal rights, leading to the formation of organizations such as the National Organization for Women (NOW), which Friedan co-founded.
Impact on Legislation: Contributed to the passage of legislation addressing gender discrimination in employment, education, and other areas.