POTUS

George Washington: APUSH Rundown

Overview

George Washington (1732-1799) was a pivotal figure in early United States history. He served as Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War and later became the first President of the United States under the Constitution of the United States. His leadership, both military and political, was instrumental in securing American independence and establishing a stable federal government.

Events Associated With:

• French and Indian War (1754-1763): Washington began his military career as an officer in the Virginia militia, gaining experience during this conflict. His early military ventures were not always successful, but he learned valuable lessons in leadership and strategy.
• First Continental Congress (1774): Washington was a delegate from Virginia. This marked his entry into the political sphere.
• Second Continental Congress (1775-1781): Appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army. He faced immense challenges including supply shortages, lack of training, and a more powerful British military.
• American Revolutionary War (1775-1783): Led the Continental Army through numerous battles, including notable victories such as the Battle of Saratoga (which convinced France to ally with the Americans) and the decisive Battle of Yorktown. His leadership and perseverance were crucial to the American victory. He kept the army together through harsh winters and periods of low morale.
• Constitutional Convention (1787): Presided over the Convention. His presence lent legitimacy to the proceedings and helped ensure that the resulting Constitution of the United States|Constitution would be widely accepted.
• Whiskey Rebellion (1794): As President, Washington responded decisively to this uprising of farmers protesting a federal excise tax on whiskey. He dispatched troops to quell the rebellion, demonstrating the power of the new federal government.

Important Legislation Signed/Supported:

• Bill of Rights (1791): Washington supported the ratification of the Constitution of the United States|Constitution with the understanding that a bill of rights would be added to protect individual liberties. Though not directly involved in drafting the amendments, he recognized their importance in addressing Anti-Federalist concerns and ensuring the long-term stability of the new nation.
• Judiciary Act of 1789: This act established the federal court system.
• Funding and Assumption of State Debts (Hamilton’s Plan): Supported Alexander Hamilton’s financial plan, which included federal assumption of state debts. While controversial, this plan helped to stabilize the national economy and establish the creditworthiness of the United States.

Groups Involved With:

• Virginia House of Burgesses: Served as a member before the Revolution.
• Continental Army: Commander-in-Chief
• Federalists: Although he tried to remain above partisan politics, his policies and beliefs aligned with the Federalists. He supported a strong central government and a stable financial system.

Impact on the Country:

• Leadership During the Revolution: His leadership was essential to the success of the American Revolution.
• Presidency (1789-1797):
  • Established Precedents: Set many precedents for future presidents, including serving only two terms, establishing a cabinet, and maintaining a neutral foreign policy.
  • Neutrality Proclamation: Issued the Proclamation of Neutrality in 1793, declaring that the United States would remain neutral in the conflict between Great Britain and France.
  • Farewell Address: Warned against the dangers of political factions and entangling alliances in his George Washingtons Farewell Address.
  • Strengthened Federal Government: His actions during the Whiskey Rebellion demonstrated the power and legitimacy of the federal government.
• Legacy: He is widely regarded as one of the most important figures in American history. His commitment to republican ideals, his leadership during the Revolution, and his efforts to establish a stable federal government laid the foundation for the United States as a nation. He is often referred to as the “Father of His Country.”