Control Flow If Statements
Python Operators
This note covers Python operators. Further notes will be needed for subtopics.
Types of Operators:
- Arithmetic Operators: These perform mathematical calculations.
x = 10
y = 5
print(x + y) # Addition
print(x - y) # Subtraction
print(x * y) # Multiplication
print(x / y) # Division
print(x // y) # Floor Division (integer division)
print(x % y) # Modulus (remainder)
print(x ** y) # Exponentiation
- Comparison Operators: These compare two values and return a Boolean (True or False).
x = 10
y = 5
print(x == y) # Equal to
print(x != y) # Not equal to
print(x > y) # Greater than
print(x < y) # Less than
print(x >= y) # Greater than or equal to
print(x <= y) # Less than or equal to
- Logical Operators: These combine or modify Boolean expressions.
x = True
y = False
print(x and y) # Logical AND
print(x or y) # Logical OR
print(not x) # Logical NOT
- Assignment Operators: These assign values to variables.
x = 10 # Simple assignment
x += 5 # x = x + 5
x -= 5 # x = x - 5
x *= 5 # x = x * 5
x /= 5 # x = x / 5
x %= 5 # x = x % 5
x **= 5 # x = x ** 5
x //= 5 # x = x // 5
-
Bitwise Operators: These operate on individual bits of integers. Bitwise Operators
-
Membership Operators: These test for membership in sequences (e.g., lists, tuples, strings).
my_list = 1, 2, 3
print(1 in my_list) # True
print(4 in my_list) # False
print(1 not in my_list) # False
- Identity Operators: These test for object identity (whether two variables refer to the same object in memory).
x = 1,2,3
y = 1,2,3
z = x
print(x is y) # False (different objects)
print(x is z) # True (same object)
print(x == y) # True (same values)
Operator Precedence: The order in which operators are evaluated. Operator Precedence
Further Notes:
- Operator Overloading (How operators behave differently with different data types.)
- Short-circuiting in Logical Operators (How
andandorcan sometimes avoid evaluating all operands.)